Article Text
Abstract
Objective Left ventricular (LV) geometry change is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease. However, data are equivocal on the association of echocardiographic parameters of LV geometry with incident hypertension. Thus, we were to investigate the risk of hypertension according to the baseline echocardiographic parameters of LV geometry.
Methods Study participants were 12 562 Koreans without hypertension who received echocardiography as an item of health check-up. They were divided into normotensive or prehypertensive group according to baseline blood pressure. In each group, study subjects were classified by quintiles of baseline echocardiographic parameters including left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), posterior wall thickness (PWT) and IVST plus PWT and followed up for 5 years. Cox proportional hazards model was used in calculating adjusted HRs and their 95% CI for hypertension according to each quintile group. Area under the curve (AUC) analysis (AUC [95% CI]) was performed to compare the predictability of LVMI, RWT, IVST, PWT, IVST plus PWT for hypertension.
Results Prehypertensive group had the worse clinical and echocardiographic parameters in baseline analysis than normotensive group. The risk of hypertension significantly increased proportionally to baseline LVMI, RWT, IVST, PWI and IVST plus PWT above specific quintile levels, which was identified in both normotensive and prehypertensive group. In AUC analysis, IVST, PWT and IVST plus PWT showed a significantly increased AUC, compared with LVMI.
Conclusion LV geometry change was significantly associated with the increased risk for hypertension in non-hypertensive individuals.
- echocardiography
- left ventricular geometry
- hypertension
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Footnotes
Contributors SKP coordinated the study, analysed the data and wrote the manuscript as a first author. JGK verified the data on echocardiographic parameters as a cardiologist. P-WC participated in writing manuscript. C-MO played role in analysing data and editing English grammar. JYJ is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors had access to the data used in this study and participated in writing the manuscript.
Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
Competing interests None declared.
Ethics approval Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, an institutional ethics committee IRB number: KBSMC-2018-04-017.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Patient consent for publication Not required.