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Cardiac surgery and congenital heart disease: reflections on a modern revolution
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  1. Joanna Catherine Ee-Sien Lim1,
  2. Martin John Elliott2,
  3. John Wallwork3,
  4. Bruce Keogh4
  1. 1 Cardiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
  2. 2 University College London, London, UK
  3. 3 Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
  4. 4 Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
  1. Correspondence to Dr Joanna Catherine Ee-Sien Lim, Cardiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, Oxfordshire, UK; joanna.lim{at}ouh.nhs.uk

Abstract

The success of cardiac surgery has transformed the prospects of children with congenital heart disease with over 90% now surviving to adulthood. The early pioneering surgeons took on significant risk, whilst current surgical practice emphasises safety and consistency. In this article we review important British contributions to the field and consider challenges for the future, specifically how to better manage and reduce the adverse sequelae of congenital cardiac surgery by continuing to innovate safely.

  • cardiac surgical procedures
  • heart defects, congenital
  • heart transplantation

https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2021-320148

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors JCE-SL and BK planned the article. JCE-SL wrote the initial draft. BK, MJE and JW contributed original material and critical revisions of the manuscript. BK is the guarantor.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests JW is Chairman of the Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. BK is Chairman of Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust and a trustee of the British Cardiovascular Society.

    • Patient and public involvement Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.

    • Provenance and peer review Commissioned; externally peer reviewed.