The risk of adiposity in the presence or absence of the traditional metabolic syndrome on recurrent vascular events and mortality
| Events/n | Age and sex adjusted HR | Multivariable adjusted HR* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Major cardiovascular events† | |||
| Normal weight | |||
| Without MetS | 155/1299 | 1 | 1 |
| With MetS | 97/474 | 1.59 (1.23 to 2.05) | 1.43 (1.11 to 1.85) |
| Overweight | |||
| Without MetS | 146/1207 | 1.08 (0.86 to 1.35) | 1.13 (0.90 to 1.42) |
| With MetS | 206/1401 | 1.20 (0.98 to 1.48) | 1.15 (0.93 to 1.42) |
| Obese | |||
| Without MetS | 9/129 | 0.74 (0.38 to 1.44) | 0.85 (0.43 to 1.67) |
| With MetS | 92/722 | 1.31 (1.01 to 1.69) | 1.28 (0.99 to 1.67) |
| All-cause mortality | |||
| Normal weight | |||
| Without MetS | 188/1299 | 1 | 1 |
| With MetS | 116/474 | 1.48 (1.17 to 1.87) | 1.37 (1.08 to 1.73) |
| Overweight | |||
| Without MetS | 157/1207 | 1.00 (0.81 to 1.23) | 1.05 (0.85 to 1.30) |
| With MetS | 209/1401 | 1.02 (0.84 to 1.24) | 1.00 (0.82 to 1.21) |
| Obese | |||
| Without MetS | 8/129 | 0.63 (0.31 to 1.28) | 0.74 (0.36 to 1.50) |
| With MetS | 91/722 | 1.26 (0.98 to 1.63) | 1.25 (0.97 to 1.62) |
MetS: metabolic syndrome (≥3 risk factors). Risk factors: (i) elevated blood pressure (≥130 mm Hg SBP and/or ≥85 mm Hg DBP, (ii) hypertriglyceridaemia (≥1.70 mmol/L), (iii) low HDL (<1.03 mmol/L for men and <1.30 for women), (iv) high fasting glucose (>5.6 mmol/L) and (v) abdominal adiposity (waist circumference ≥102 cm in men and ≥88 cm in women).
*Multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, use of lipid lowering agents, use of antiplatelet agents, number of affected vascular territories and years since first vascular event.
†Major cardiovascular events is a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, retinal infarction and vascular mortality.